Ireland

Birth of Francis Hutcheson, Presbyterian philosopher, in Co. Down

Francis Hutcheson, a significant figure in the history of philosophy and one of the founding figures of the Scottish Enlightenment, was born on August 8, 1694, in Drumalig, a townland near Saintfield, County Down, Ireland. Hutcheson is best known for his work in moral philosophy and his influence on later thinkers, including David Hume and Adam Smith.

The Merchant Maiden Hospital, later known as The Mary Erskine School, was founded by Mary Erskine in the Cowgate, Edinburgh.

The Earl of Tyrone dies

Shortly after the Earl of Tyrone’s death, his spirit is said to have appeared to Lady Nicola Hamilton. The ghostly figure reportedly made several predictions, all of which came true—including a chilling prophecy that she would die on her 47th birthday, which she did.

Irish Brigade of France fights in the battle of Marsaglia

Patrick Sarsfield is mortally wounded at the Battle of Landen

1st Earl of Lucan Patrick Sarsfield, 1st Earl of Lucan, Irish: Pádraig Sáirseál, circa 1655 to 21 August 1693, was an Irish soldier, and leading figure in the Jacobite army during the 1689 to 1691 Williamite War in Ireland.

The only session of the exclusively Protestant Irish parliament of William III and Mary ends on this date

Robert Boyle, pioneer chemist and physicist dies

Robert Boyle FRS (25 January 1627 – 31 December 1691) was an Anglo-Irish natural philosopher, chemist, physicist, alchemist and inventor. Boyle is largely regarded today as the first modern chemist, and therefore one of the founders of modern chemistry, and one of the pioneers of modern experimental scientific method.

Patrick Sarsfield and The Wild Geese sail out of Cork harbour for France

Patrick Sarsfield and The Wild Geese sailing out of Cork Harbour for France is a historical event associated with the Flight of the Wild Geese, which occurred in the late 17th century.

Treaty of Limerick is signed by Ginkel and Sarsfield, ending the Williamite War in Ireland

The Treaty of Limerick is signed on October 3, 1691, by General Godert de Ginkel (for William III) and Patrick Sarsfield (for the Jacobites), effectively ending the Williamite War in Ireland. The treaty allows for the evacuation of the Irish army to France — an event known as the Flight of the Wild Geese — and includes civil articles promising religious tolerance and property rights for Irish Catholics. However, these terms were largely ignored or reversed in the years that followed, leading to severe restrictions under the Penal Laws.

The first recorded meeting of the Presbyterian general synod of Ulster is held at Antrim