Ireland

James Ussher, scholar and Archbishop of Armagh and Dublin is born

James Ussher, also known as James Ussher (or Usher), was born on January 04, 1581. He was an Irish archbishop and scholar known for his work on chronology and biblical studies.

Birth of Robert Gordon of Straloch, Aberdeen, cartographer and rescuer of Thomas Ports original maps.

Death of James Fitzgerald, rebel leader

James fitz Maurice FitzGerald lands forces in Dingle

James fitz Maurice FitzGerald (died 1579), called “fitz Maurice”, was captain-general of Desmond while Gerald FitzGerald, 14th Earl of Desmond, was detained in England by Queen Elizabeth I after the Battle of Affane in 1565.

Rathlin Island massacre

The Rathlin Island massacre took place on Rathlin Island, off the coast of Ireland on 26 July 1575, when more than 600 Scots and Irish were killed.

Captain William Martin lays siege to Grace O'Malley in Rockfleet castle

William Óge Martyn (fl. 1566–1592) was the 101st Mayor of Galway.

John Knox, leading reformer of Church of Scotland, died

John Knox, (Scottish Gaelic: Iain Cnocc; c. 1514 – 24 November 1572) the prominent Scottish religious reformer and a key figure in the Protestant Reformation, died on November 24, 1572. He was born in Giffordgate, a street in Haddington, East Lothian

Earl of Lennox, Regent of Scotland, murdered. Earl of Mar appointed Regent but he died in October 1572.

The Bannatyne Manuscript, published by George Bannatyne, an Edinburgh merchant.

The Bannatyne Manuscript, the most extensive surviving collection of early Scottish poetry, is compiled by George Bannatyne, a merchant in Edinburgh. As the plague swept through the city, Bannatyne used his time in isolation to preserve the literary heritage of Scotland.

Mary Queen of Scots sailed from Port Mary across the Solway Firth to exile in England.